Author: Raja Muneer

Five Essential Vertical Construction Types Vertical construction plays a crucial role in the overall structure of a building. Vertical structures are created using different materials and building techniques, making them one of the most important construction elements. Understanding these various types of vertical construction will allow you to make an informed decision when constructing a new building. This article examines five essential vertical construction types: masonry, steel, wood, lightweight concrete, and prefabricated structures. Understanding each class allows you to select the optimal solution for your building project. What is Vertical Construction? Vertical construction is the construction of structures from the…

Safety Requirements for Formwork There are a few things that a formwork structure needs to be able to do before it can do its job well. To ensure that the form structure meets its design goals, the designer and site engineer should consider the structure’s technical, functional, economic, and safety needs. If these requirements are met, the formwork structure will be safe, strong, and robust, and workers will have a safe workplace. The formwork is a temporary mould filled with fresh concrete and reinforcement to make a specific reinforced concrete element. It holds up part or all of a permanent…

Basic Knowledge of Civil Engineering | Thumb Rules: Civil engineering is a diverse and complex field with its own unique principles, concepts, and terms. To succeed in a career in civil engineering, it’s essential to have a firm grasp of the fundamentals of this multifaceted science. This guide provides an overview of the fundamental concepts that everyone should know before delving deeper into civil engineering. Following are the Civil Engineering Basic Knowledge points to remember for civil engineers to make the construction work easier while maintaining the quality of work; Civil Engineering Basics Knowledge: Basic Knowledge of Civil Engineering for…

What Does Concrete Quality Control Mean? Concrete is a crucial and widely used material in the construction industry. Concrete is made from raw materials such as cement, sand, aggregates, admixtures, and water. According to the specifications, all of these raw materials are mixed in a specific proportion to form concrete. Concrete is commonly used to construct elements such as columns, beams, walls, lintels, slabs, copings, and foundations. The prepared concrete, as a material, must meet specific quality standards to be accepted for use in the construction of various concrete elements. Concrete quality should be checked, maintained, and corrected if the…

What is Linear Surveying Distances between points on Earth’s surface are measured using linear surveying. Different linear surveying techniques have different advantages depending on the level of accuracy needed. The Techniques of Linear Surveying There are three main categories for linear surveying techniques: Direct measurement optical measurement Electronic methods Direct Measurement Distances are measured on the ground with chains, tapes, etc., in this type of surveying. A Method of Optical Measurement Telescopic observations are made, and distances are calculated using techniques similar to the tachometer and triangulation. Electronic Methods Distances are mapped out using tools that rely on the transmission, refraction, and…

What is FormWork in construction Formwork refers to a mold made of rigid materials such as timber or steel plates in which concrete is placed and hardens. Formwork is typically made of low-cost timber planks. These are combined or adhered together to form the necessary mold for structural members such as beams, slabs, columns, foundations, and so on… Steel formwork is used in the form of plates that can be bolted together to form various molds of various shapes. Shuttering, Centering, Staging, and Scaffolding are all components of formwork. 1. Shuttering Shuttering is a vertical temporary arrangement used to bring…

Brick Masonry Excel Estimating Spreadsheet Download a free Excel sheet here to figure out how much cement, sand, and bricks you’ll need for your brick masonry project. Here are some basic terminology and explanations. Bond Courses of bricks are laid one after another to create a solid foundation that is held together by tension in both the longitudinal and transverse directions. “no vertical joint of one course is exactly over the one in the next course above or below it, fu,” as the standard arrangement puts it. With a degree of 1d, the maximum amount of lap is present. Bed…

Type of Reinforced Concrete Slab and Building Design The formwork system should be chosen based on the chosen floor system that meets the structural loading conditions. Based on the load distribution applied to the Reinforced Concrete slab, floor slabs in concrete buildings are classified into two basic types: The rectangularity ratio (slab length/width) is between 1 and 2, and the slab load is transferred to the supporting beams in both directions. Flat plates, flat slabs, waffle slabs, and two-way slabs supported by drop beams are examples of two-way construction. The rectangularity ratio (slab length/width) is greater than 2, and the…

What is Bridge Abutment? The bridge abutment is important at the bridge’s end because it supports the bridge’s superstructure. It also connects to the road below and supports the bridge via the abutment. The bridge path is supported by the infill material. The abutment used in the bridge is determined by the location of the site and the function of the need. Abutment is available in a variety of shapes and sizes. The cost and type of abutment used in relation to the site location determine its use. The Purpose of Bridge Abutment It uses the bridge abutment to transfer…

What is Concrete?–Types of Concrete Concrete can be easily prepared and fabricated into a variety of shapes and structural systems. Its great simplicity stems from the fact that its constituents are ubiquitous and can be found almost anywhere on the planet. Because of its ubiquity, functionality, and flexibility, it has become the world’s most popular and widely used construction material. The materials concrete and cement are frequently confused. Cement is one of many constituents of concrete, acting as a glue to hold the other materials together. Concrete is made by combining cement, supplementary cementitious materials, water, fine aggregate (sand/crushed rock…